How Cryptococcus fungus damages the brain in people with advanced HIV

Mechanisms underlying Cryptococcus neoformans-induced meningoencephalitis and neurotoxicity in a CD4 T cell-deficient mouse

['FUNDING_R01'] · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · NIH-11239819

This work looks at how a common fungus and its capsule molecule harm the brain in people with weakened CD4 T cell immunity, such as advanced HIV.

Quick facts

Phase['FUNDING_R01']
Study typeNih_funding
SexAll
SponsorUNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA (nih funded)
Locations1 site (GAINESVILLE, UNITED STATES)
Trial IDNIH-11239819 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this research studies

Researchers use a mouse model that mimics low CD4 T cell immunity and examine human post-mortem brain samples to find how Cryptococcus neoformans and its capsule component glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) interact with brain cells. In the lab they track whether GXM binds neurons, alters calcium signaling and synaptic activity, and prompts reactive astrocytes while impairing microglial movement. Techniques include cellular imaging, molecular assays, and comparison of mouse and human tissue findings to link fungal factors to neuronal and cognitive damage. The goal is to map the cellular pathways by which the fungus causes meningoencephalitis and neurotoxicity.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with advanced HIV or a history of cryptococcal meningitis, and families willing to donate brain tissue for research, would be the most relevant to contribute to this work.

Not a fit: Patients without cryptococcal infection or those seeking immediate clinical treatments should not expect direct or immediate benefit from this basic and preclinical research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the findings could reveal targets for therapies that protect the brain or limit neurologic damage from cryptococcal meningitis in people with HIV.

How similar studies have performed: Previous laboratory studies have shown that GXM affects immune cells and can promote brain invasion, but translating those findings into protective treatments has been limited so far.

Where this research is happening

GAINESVILLE, UNITED STATES

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.

View on NIH RePORTER →

Conditions: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Virus, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.