How COVID-19 affects brain immune cells and nerve connections

The neuroimmune mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 on synaptic transmission and plasticity

NIH-funded research University of Tennessee Health Sci Ctr · NIH-11258027

This research looks at how the virus that causes COVID-19 changes immune cells in the brain and alters nerve cell signaling, which may help explain long-term brain symptoms.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Tennessee Health Sci Ctr NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Memphis, United States)
Project IDNIH-11258027 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will use a mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection to track when and where viral material appears in the brain and to monitor changes in mouse behavior over time. They will detect viral RNA and viral replication markers inside neurons and observe activation of microglia, the brain's immune cells. The team will record neuronal activity to see if infected mice show neuronal hyperactivity and will study how microglia-neuron interactions change synaptic signaling. Overall, the work links cellular and immune changes in the brain to behavior that resembles long-COVID neurological symptoms.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with long COVID who have ongoing cognitive difficulties, anxiety, or other new neurological symptoms after infection would be most relevant to follow or benefit from future therapies informed by this work.

Not a fit: People without prior COVID-19 infection or without neurological symptoms are unlikely to receive direct benefit from this laboratory-focused project in the near term.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to ways to prevent or treat COVID-related brain inflammation and long-COVID cognitive or mood problems.

How similar studies have performed: Prior animal and human postmortem studies have reported brain inflammation and behavior changes after SARS-CoV-2, but the specific neuroimmune mechanisms linking microglia activation to altered synaptic activity are still largely unproven.

Where this research is happening

Memphis, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.