How common Gram-positive bacteria change the lipid tags on their surface proteins

N-terminal acylation of Lipoproteins in Firmicutes

NIH-funded research Pennsylvania State University, the · NIH-11143224

This project looks at how Firmicutes bacteria alter the lipid anchors on their surface proteins in ways that can change how the immune system notices them.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionPennsylvania State University, the NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (University Park, United States)
Project IDNIH-11143224 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

From a patient point of view, scientists will grow medically relevant Firmicutes bacteria in the lab and compare different strains to find genes that change the lipid tags on surface proteins. They will use biochemical tests to map the number, length, and attachment of lipid chains on those proteins and examine how environmental factors like copper change these patterns. The team will also test how those different lipid patterns affect recognition by the immune receptor TLR2 using cell-based assays. The aim is to connect specific bacterial changes to how the immune system responds.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: This laboratory grant does not enroll patients, but people with infections caused by Firmicutes bacteria (for example certain Gram-positive infections) would be most relevant to future clinical follow-up studies.

Not a fit: People without bacterial infections or those with infections caused by unrelated organisms (such as viruses or fungi) are unlikely to benefit directly from this basic laboratory work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could help guide new vaccines, diagnostics, or treatments by revealing how some bacteria avoid or trigger immune detection.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies have shown the immune receptor TLR2 recognizes bacterial lipoproteins, but the specific patterns of lipid modification in Firmicutes and their effects on immunity are not well understood and are less tested.

Where this research is happening

University Park, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.