How brain immune cells shape connections linked to autism and epilepsy

Defining the interactions between microglia and synapses in brain development and disease

NIH-funded research San Francisco State University · NIH-11406148

This project watches how brain immune cells called microglia interact with and remove synapses during development to understand links to autism and epilepsy.

Quick facts

Grant typeNIH-funded research
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionSan Francisco State University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (San Francisco, United States)
Project IDNIH-11406148 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will use transparent zebrafish to watch microglia and synapses in the living developing brain with high-resolution live imaging. They will combine single-cell and regional sequencing to identify a subset of synapse-associated microglia and test candidate genes such as cathepsin b (ctsba). Using gene deletions, immune activation, and chemical induction of hyperexcitability, they will determine whether microglia engulf whole synapses and how that changes neuronal activity. The work aims to connect microglial behavior during development to conditions like autism and epilepsy and guide future patient-focused studies.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with autism spectrum disorder, particularly those with epilepsy or evidence of neuronal hyperexcitability, would be the most relevant patients for follow-up studies informed by this research.

Not a fit: Patients without neurodevelopmental or excitability-related conditions, or whose symptoms stem from causes unrelated to microglial function, may not benefit directly from this specific research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the work could reveal microglia-driven mechanisms behind synapse changes in autism or epilepsy and suggest new targets for therapies.

How similar studies have performed: Prior animal studies have shown microglia can prune synapses in adult brains, but directly observing whole-synapse engulfment in the developing brain is relatively novel.

Where this research is happening

San Francisco, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Autistic Disorder
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.