How biological sex affects atrial fibrillation and risk of dementia

On the Basis of Sex: The Role of Sex chromosomal complement in Atrial Fibrillation and Dementia

NIH-funded research University of Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston · NIH-11250049

Researchers are comparing male and female biology in mice to learn how sex chromosomes might make heart rhythm problems lead to memory loss.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Houston, United States)
Project IDNIH-11250049 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This project uses specially bred mice that separate the effects of sex chromosomes from sex hormones to study why women with atrial fibrillation are more likely to develop dementia. The team will monitor heart rhythms with ambulatory ECG, trigger atrial fibrillation with pacing, and map heart electrical activity to measure AF burden and atrial vulnerability. They will measure inflammation and fibrosis in the heart using MRI, lab tests, and immune-cell analyses, and evaluate brain injury and behavior with MRI, cognitive-style tests, and tissue studies. The goal is to pinpoint XX-versus-XY genetic and immune pathways that could become sex-specific drug targets to prevent dementia after atrial fibrillation.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: This grant does not enroll people, but its findings will be most relevant to older adults with atrial fibrillation, especially women concerned about memory decline.

Not a fit: People without atrial fibrillation or those whose cognitive problems come from unrelated causes may not directly benefit from this specific line of research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could reveal female-specific biological pathways linking atrial fibrillation to dementia and point to new targeted prevention or treatment strategies.

How similar studies have performed: Prior clinical studies have linked atrial fibrillation to higher dementia risk, but using four-core genotype mice to separate chromosome effects from hormones is a novel approach in this area.

Where this research is happening

Houston, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-10 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.