How APOBEC proteins block HIV and how the virus gets around them

Structural Basis of APOBEC Functions and HIV Restriction

NIH-funded research University of Southern California · NIH-11190689

Researchers are working to learn how natural APOBEC proteins attack HIV and how HIV disables them, with the hope of informing future treatments for people living with HIV.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Southern California NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Los Angeles, UNITED STATES)
Project IDNIH-11190689 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

The team will use high-resolution structural methods and biochemical tests to see exactly how APOBEC proteins bind viral genetic material and how HIV's Vif protein targets APOBECs for destruction. They will combine purified protein studies, cell-based experiments using viral models, and comparisons across different APOBEC and Vif variants to map the interactions. Findings will aim to reveal weak points in the virus's defense that could be targeted by new therapies or drugs that protect APOBEC function.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People living with HIV or those willing to donate blood samples for HIV research would be the most relevant patient groups for related future studies.

Not a fit: Patients needing immediate treatment or those without HIV are unlikely to gain direct clinical benefit from this laboratory-focused research in the short term.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to new ways to boost the body's natural antiviral defenses or to drugs that stop HIV from neutralizing APOBEC proteins.

How similar studies have performed: Previous research has shown APOBEC proteins can block HIV and that Vif counters them, but detailed structural pictures of these interactions remain incomplete and are a current area of discovery.

Where this research is happening

Los Angeles, UNITED STATES

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome VirusCancers
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.