How antibiotic-resistance genes move between bacteria and change their growth

Tradeoffs between fitness costs and transfer rates in horizontal gene transfer

NIH-funded research Duke University · NIH-11228784

This project looks at how bacteria share antibiotic-resistance genes and how that sharing affects bacterial growth, which is important for treating infections.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionDuke University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Durham, United States)
Project IDNIH-11228784 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will work with clinical bacterial samples and lab strains to measure how often resistance-carrying plasmids move between bacteria and how that movement changes bacterial growth and survival. They will combine high-throughput lab measurements with genome sequencing to track which plasmids transfer and quantify any fitness cost to the host bacteria. The team builds on prior work showing many clinical isolates can transfer extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) plasmids and will map when plasmids persist or disappear in populations. Results aim to reveal rules that predict which resistance elements are likely to spread in infections.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with bacterial infections—especially those caused by antibiotic-resistant strains such as ESBL-producing bacteria—who can provide bacterial samples at participating hospitals would be most relevant to this work.

Not a fit: Patients without bacterial infections or with infections caused by non-resistant organisms are unlikely to directly benefit from participation in this research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify plasmid features that drive the spread of antibiotic resistance and suggest ways to slow or prevent that spread, helping preserve antibiotic effectiveness.

How similar studies have performed: Previous laboratory and genomic studies, including the team's own data showing plasmid transfer among clinical isolates, support the approach, though applying these findings to clinical treatments is still an active area of research.

Where this research is happening

Durham, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.