How a mother's diet shapes her child's gut–brain connection

Maternal diet and programming of offspring gut-brain axis

NIH-funded research Johns Hopkins University · NIH-11370187

Researchers are testing whether a mother's high‑fat diet during pregnancy and breastfeeding changes how a child's gut and brain talk to each other and raises risk for obesity and diabetes.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionJohns Hopkins University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Baltimore, United States)
Project IDNIH-11370187 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This research uses a rat model to see whether a mother's high‑fat diet during pregnancy and lactation changes how her offspring's gut, vagus nerve, and brain communicate. The team will measure offspring feeding behavior and sensitivity to gut hormones and nutrients, examine the structure and function of vagal nerve connections, and check gut hormone‑producing cells and the microbiome. By linking these changes to how meals end and appetite is controlled, they aim to explain why early diet exposure can increase lifelong risk of obesity and metabolic disease. The work is preclinical and performed in the laboratory rather than enrolling people.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: This project does not enroll human participants, but its results will be most relevant to pregnant people, infants, and families worried about childhood obesity and future adult‑onset diabetes.

Not a fit: People already living with established adult‑onset diabetes are unlikely to receive direct, immediate benefits from this animal‑based study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the findings could point to early‑life prevention strategies or new targets (dietary, microbial, or nerve‑based) to reduce childhood obesity and later diabetes risk.

How similar studies have performed: Prior animal studies have shown maternal high‑fat diets can alter offspring weight and gut microbes, but tying those changes specifically to vagal gut–brain signaling is less established and is a more novel area.

Where this research is happening

Baltimore, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.