HLA differences and kidney transplant outcomes

HLA Immunogenetics and kidney allograft outcomes

NIH-funded research University of Pennsylvania · NIH-11224042

This project looks at how tiny differences in donor and recipient HLA proteins affect antibody reactions and long-term survival of kidney transplants for people with end-stage kidney disease.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Pennsylvania NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Philadelphia, United States)
Project IDNIH-11224042 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If you or a loved one needs a kidney transplant, this work studies whether specific amino-acid differences in donor and recipient HLA proteins trigger immune attacks that harm the kidney. The team uses high-resolution molecular HLA typing and clinical data from diverse transplant patients to count mismatches at surface-exposed amino acids (called eplets) and link them to new donor-specific antibodies and graft loss. They combine larger, more diverse patient groups than prior single-center reports to make findings more broadly applicable. The results aim to help doctors identify higher-risk donor-recipient pairs and improve monitoring after transplant.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates are people with end-stage kidney disease who are awaiting a kidney transplant or recent transplant recipients willing to share HLA typing and clinical follow-up data.

Not a fit: People without kidney disease or those not involved in transplant care would not directly benefit from this project.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could help predict which transplants are at higher risk of rejection and guide better matching and follow-up to protect transplanted kidneys.

How similar studies have performed: Smaller single-center studies have linked high-resolution HLA eplet mismatches to donor-specific antibodies and graft failure, but broader validation in larger, diverse populations is still needed.

Where this research is happening

Philadelphia, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.