Environmental chemicals turning on dormant viral genes in germ cells that may raise cancer risk in children

Environmental chemicals impair epigenetic suppression of the endogenous retrovirus HML-2 in human primordial germ cells, predisposing the next generation to malignancies through HML-2 reactivation

NIH-funded research Massachusetts General Hospital · NIH-11299049

This research looks at whether common environmental pollutants can switch on dormant viral genes in early human germ cells and potentially increase cancer risk in the next generation.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionMassachusetts General Hospital NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Boston, United States)
Project IDNIH-11299049 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will use human pluripotent stem cell–derived primordial germ cell–like cells and lab models to see if exposures to chemicals such as benzo(a)pyrene disrupt the normal silencing of the HML-2 endogenous retrovirus. They will expose these germ cell models to toxicants and use sequencing methods (like ATAC-seq) and CRISPR-based tools to track chromatin changes and viral gene activation. The team will also use reconstituted testis models to study whether impaired silencing persists during germ cell development and could be passed to offspring. Findings will help link molecular changes in germ cells to later cancer risk in descendants.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Adults concerned about past or ongoing exposure to environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (for example, occupational or heavy urban exposure to benzo[a]pyrene) or those interested in inherited cancer risk would be most relevant to this topic.

Not a fit: People seeking immediate treatment for an existing cancer or those without concern about environmental or germline exposure are unlikely to gain direct benefit from this laboratory-focused work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If confirmed, this work could explain a pathway by which parental chemical exposures raise cancer risk in children and suggest ways to prevent or detect that risk early.

How similar studies have performed: Prior studies have shown HML-2 activation in some cancers and that toxicants can alter epigenetic marks, but directly linking germline HML-2 mis-silencing to increased cancer in offspring is a novel and not yet proven area.

Where this research is happening

Boston, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Breast Cancer
Last reviewed 2026-06-10 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.