Engineered immune cells that activate only inside breast tumors

Computationally designed, small molecule-responsive cell receptors for treating solid tumors

NIH-funded research Columbia University Health Sciences · NIH-11314563

This project develops CAR T cells that switch on only when they detect both tumor proteins and tumor chemicals, aiming to attack breast tumors while sparing healthy tissue.

Quick facts

Grant typeR21 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionColumbia University Health Sciences NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (New York, United States)
Project IDNIH-11314563 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If you or a loved one have breast cancer, this project aims to create engineered immune cells that only turn on inside the tumor environment. The researchers design a split, logic-gated receptor system with two parts: one that senses small molecules common in tumors and another that binds a tumor surface protein, and the two must come together to activate the cell. The team will build these receptors and test them in lab-grown breast cancer cells and tumor models to show they can produce local cytokines and adhesion proteins and avoid activating outside the tumor. The goal is to reduce off-tumor attack and T cell exhaustion that limit current CAR T approaches for solid tumors.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with solid breast tumors that express the targeted surface protein and who might be eligible for future CAR T–based trials would be the likely candidates.

Not a fit: Patients whose tumors do not express the specific surface protein or lack the tumor chemical signature targeted, and those needing immediate standard care, are unlikely to benefit directly from this early-stage work.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could let CAR T–style therapies attack solid breast tumors more safely and effectively with fewer side effects.

How similar studies have performed: CAR T therapies have been very successful for some blood cancers, but logic-gated or sensor-based CAR T approaches for solid tumors are largely preclinical and have not yet demonstrated clear clinical success.

Where this research is happening

New York, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Breast CancerBreast Cancer CellBreast Cancer Model
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.