Do neutrophil 'traps' protect or harm newborns with infection?

NETs: Protection or Harm in Neonatal Inflammation and Infection

NIH-funded research Utah State Higher Education System--University of Utah · NIH-11309124

Researchers aim to find out whether blocking neutrophil 'traps' can lower inflammation and improve survival for newborns with severe infections.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUtah State Higher Education System--University of Utah NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Salt Lake City, United States)
Project IDNIH-11309124 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Neutrophils can release web‑like NETs that trap microbes but can also cause damaging inflammation in newborn sepsis. In lab and animal models, small NET‑inhibitory peptides (NIPs) reduced tissue injury and improved survival, especially when combined with antibiotics. The team will use human stem‑cell‑derived neutrophils and molecular tools to test whether the enzyme proteinase 3 (PR3) on the neutrophil surface is the receptor NIPs bind to and whether that binding stops NET formation. Finding this pathway could point to treatments that limit harmful inflammation without preventing infection control.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates would be newborns (neonates) with severe or high‑risk bacterial sepsis treated at hospitals involved in the research.

Not a fit: Older children, adults, or patients whose illness is not driven by NET‑related inflammation are unlikely to benefit from these specific NET‑blocking approaches.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lead to new therapies that reduce inflammatory damage and deaths in newborns with severe bacterial sepsis.

How similar studies have performed: The investigators have preclinical evidence that NIPs decrease inflammatory injury and improve survival in experimental neonatal sepsis, but human studies have not yet been done.

Where this research is happening

Salt Lake City, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.