Brain immune cells and gut imbalance in pelvic pain

TLR Transduction of Dysbiotic Pelvic Pain

NIH-funded research Northwestern University · NIH-11162291

This project looks at whether brain immune cells called microglia respond to changes in gut bacteria through a sensor called TLR4 and whether that pathway helps cause chronic pelvic pain.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionNorthwestern University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Chicago, United States)
Project IDNIH-11162291 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If you have chronic pelvic pain, this project will study how changes in gut bacteria might send signals to immune cells in the brain (microglia) that influence pain. Researchers will use two mouse models that mirror human pelvic pain—one driven by infection and one reflecting genetic susceptibility—to represent different possible causes. They will measure pain-like behaviors and cognitive changes, profile microglial cell states, and test whether the receptor TLR4 is required for microglial responses. The team will also link findings from patient gut microbiome data to laboratory models to understand how microbiota changes affect microglia and pain.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with chronic pelvic or urologic pelvic pain—particularly those with signs of gut microbiome changes—would be the eventual target population for therapies informed by this work.

Not a fit: Patients whose pelvic pain is clearly caused by purely structural or non-immune factors may not see direct benefits from this line of research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the work could point to new targets such as TLR4 or microglial pathways for treatments that reduce chronic pelvic pain.

How similar studies have performed: Similar approaches linking microglia and the microbiome have shown promising results in animal pain models, but clinical benefits for people have not yet been established.

Where this research is happening

Chicago, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.