Boosting cancer-fighting T cells by targeting IL-1R1 signals

Using the IL-1R1 and its ligands to optimize the T cell immune response to cancer

NIH-funded research Brigham and Women's Hospital · NIH-11172632

This project aims to strengthen patients' CD8 T cells to fight cancer by tuning signals through a protein called IL-1R1.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionBrigham and Women's Hospital NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Boston, United States)
Project IDNIH-11172632 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers are studying two related immune signals, IL-1α and IL-1β, to understand how they help or hinder CD8 T cells that attack tumors. Using animal models and cellular experiments, they will tease apart how blocking IL-1β or engaging IL-1α changes immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. The team will examine effects on both T cells and myeloid cells to find ways to enhance anti-tumor immunity with fewer side effects. Findings could guide more precise therapies that boost T cell activity against solid tumors.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Patients with solid tumors where CD8 (killer) T cells play a role, or people willing to donate tumor or blood samples for research, would be most relevant to this work.

Not a fit: People without cancer, those with cancers that do not rely on CD8 T cell responses, or those seeking an immediate treatment effect are unlikely to benefit directly from this preclinical research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lead to new ways to boost T cell–based anti-cancer immunity and improve immunotherapy effectiveness for some patients.

How similar studies have performed: Some prior human trials (for example CANTOS) and animal studies have hinted that targeting IL-1 pathways can affect cancer risk and immunity, but results have been mixed and the approach is still experimental.

Where this research is happening

Boston, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.