AI-guided liquid biopsy to detect cancer cells in malignant fluid buildups

Developing liquid biopsy tests for malignant effusions using artificial intelligence-assisted, morphology-based isolation of tumor cells

NIH-funded research University of California, San Francisco · NIH-11166498

This project uses AI to find and analyze cancer cells in fluids that build up in people with metastatic breast cancer to help guide treatment.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of California, San Francisco NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (San Francisco, United States)
Project IDNIH-11166498 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If you have a malignant effusion, researchers will use the fluid removed during routine drainage to look for tumor cells. An AI-based, morphology-focused platform will sort and isolate tumor cells from immune and other cells without relying on specific biomarkers. Those isolated cells will undergo molecular testing to look for drug targets and resistance patterns that could inform treatment choices. The team will develop and validate liquid biopsy tests so profiling is possible when tissue biopsies are hard or risky.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with metastatic breast cancer who develop malignant pleural or peritoneal effusions and undergo fluid drainage are the ideal candidates.

Not a fit: People without malignant effusions, with early-stage breast cancer, or whose fluid contains too few tumor cells may not benefit from this approach.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: Could let doctors find actionable targets and monitor treatment resistance using fluid already removed during care, reducing the need for risky tissue biopsies.

How similar studies have performed: Pilot studies indicate AI-based morphology sorting can recover tumor cells from effusions and enable molecular profiling, but larger validation is still needed.

Where this research is happening

San Francisco, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.